Discovery Energy · Insights

Data Center Tracking Index

Every data center campus of 100 MW or more in the US and Canada, live since 2021 or in the pipeline, with our estimate of what it pulls from the power grid and the natural gas system, and what that adds to large energy users’ bills.

Preview edition, October 28, 2026. 84 campuses tracked so far.

Campuses tracked84100 MW or more, US and Canada

Announced202 GWAt full buildout

Expected by 203053 GWWeighted by build stage

Added gas burn4.8 Bcf/dAverage day, grid and on-site

Preview data. This first edition covers 84 campuses, mostly gigawatt-scale projects plus large sites that came online since 2021, compiled from public trackers and press reports in October 2026. Every row shows a confidence grade. We are checking each campus against company releases, utility filings and air permits, and adding the 100 MW to 1 GW tier region by region, starting with PJM.

Where data center load is landing

Shading shows the data center load we expect to be running in each state or province by 2030. Select one to see its campuses.

GW expected by 2030 None tracked Under 0.5 0.5 to 1.5 1.5 to 5 Over 5 Top row: Canadian provinces

Every campus, rated 1 to 4 bolts

Each campus is rated for its expected 2030 strain on the power grid or the natural gas system, whichever is higher. How the impact rating works

Operating or under construction Announced or proposedGrid, Gas or Grid + gas shows what drives the rating

Impact

Status

All 84 campuses, ranked by impact rating, then expected MW by 2030.

Data center campuses of 100 MW or more, US and Canada. Preview edition, October 2026.
Campus	Impact	Location	Status	Announced MW	Expected MW 2030	Power supply	Gas MMcf/d	Grid region	Confidence
Fermi America Project Matador (HyperGrid)Fermi America	Gas	Amarillo (Carson County), TX	Under construction	11,000	2,640	On-site gas	435.8	SPP	C
Creekstone Delta GigasiteCreekstone Energy	Grid	Delta, UT	Under construction	10,000	2,400	Not disclosed	156.4	West: Mountain/Northwest	C
PORTS Technology CampusSB Energy / SoftBank (New Day Data Centers)	Grid + gas	Piketon, OH	Under construction	10,000	2,400	Not disclosed	187.6	PJM	C
TECfusions Keystone ConnectTECfusions	Grid	Upper Burrell, PAPittsburgh gas outlook: High	Operating, expanding	3,000	1,620	Not disclosed	126.7	PJM	D
GW Ranch (Pecos County)Tenant per dcmap: Amazon	Gas	Fort Stockton, TX	Under construction	7,650	1,469	On-site gas	242.4	ERCOT	C
Amazon Northeast Creek Technology CampusAmazon	Grid	Louisa County, VA	Under construction	2,700	1,296	Grid	101.3	PJM	C
Google Project TemboGoogle	Grid	Cheyenne, WY	Under construction	2,700	1,296	Not disclosed	84.4	West: Mountain/Northwest	C
Meta HyperionMeta	Grid + gas	Richland Parish (Holly Ridge), LA	Under construction	5,000	1,200	Grid, dedicated gas plant	156.4	MISO	B
Amazon Project RainierAmazon (for Anthropic)	Grid	New Carlisle, IN	Operating, expanding	2,200	1,188	Grid	92.9	PJM	C
AWS Northern Indiana (Hobart)Amazon	Grid	Hobart, IN	Under construction	2,400	1,152	Grid	90.1	MISO	C
Aligned Shippingport (Bruce Mansfield)Aligned Data Centers	Grid	Shippingport, PAPittsburgh gas outlook: High	Under construction	2,000	960	Not disclosed	75.1	PJM	C
IREN SweetwaterIREN	Grid	Sweetwater, TX	Under construction	2,000	960	Grid	68.8	ERCOT	C
Nscale Monarch Compute CampusNscale	Grid	Point Pleasant, WV	Under construction	2,000	960	Not disclosed	75.1	PJM	C
Stargate Project JupiterSTACK Infrastructure / BorderPlex Digital Assets	Gas	Santa Teresa (Doña Ana County), NM	Under construction	2,450	941	On-site fuel cells (gas)	114.4	West: Desert Southwest	C
xAI Colossus 1 + 2xAI	Gas	Memphis / Southaven, TN / MS	Operating, expanding	1,000	900	Grid + on-site gas	148.6	Southeast utilities	B
Riot Platforms CorsicanaRiot Platforms	Grid	Corsicana, TX	Operating, expanding	1,000	900	Grid	64.5	ERCOT	C
Homer City Energy CampusHomer City Redevelopment	Gas	Homer City, PA	Under construction	4,500	864	On-site gas	142.6	PJM	B
PowerHouse Grand Prairie CampusPowerHouse Data Centers	Grid	Grand Prairie, TX	Under construction	1,800	864	Not disclosed	61.9	ERCOT	C
Meta LebanonMeta	Grid	Lebanon, IN	Under construction	1,000	800	Not disclosed	62.5	MISO	C
Joule Energy & Data Center CampusJoule Capital Partners	Gas	Holden (Millard County), UT	Under construction	4,000	768	On-site gas	126.8	West: Mountain/Northwest	C
Meta PrometheusMeta	Grid + gas	New Albany, OH	Operating, expanding	1,000	900	Grid + on-site gas	82.9	PJM	B
Meta El PasoMeta	Grid + gas	El Paso, TX	Under construction	1,000	800	Grid + on-site gas	82.9	West: Desert Southwest	C
Microsoft Fairwater 1Microsoft	Grid	Mount Pleasant, WIMilwaukee gas outlook: Watch	Operating, expanding	1,480	799	Grid	62.5	MISO	B
Galaxy Helios CampusGalaxy Digital	Grid	Afton (Dickens County), TX	Under construction	1,630	782	Grid	56.1	ERCOT	B
IREN ChildressIREN	Grid	Childress, TX	Operating	750	750	Grid	53.8	ERCOT	C
AWS Project GalaxyAmazon	Grid	Sidney, OH	Under construction	1,500	720	Grid	56.3	PJM	C
Stargate LordstownOpenAI / SoftBank / Oracle	Grid	Lordstown, OH	Under construction	1,500	720	Not disclosed	56.3	PJM	C
Core Scientific Pecos AI CampusCore Scientific	Grid	Pecos, TX	Under construction	1,500	720	Not disclosed	51.6	ERCOT	C
Atlas Power WillistonAtlas Power	Grid	Williston, ND	Operating	700	700	Grid	45.6	SPP	C
Riot Platforms RockdaleRiot Platforms	Grid	Rockdale, TX	Operating	700	700	Grid	50.2	ERCOT	C
Vantage Frontier (Stargate)Vantage Data Centers	Grid + gas	Shackelford County, TX	Under construction	1,400	672	Grid + on-site gas	73.3	ERCOT	C
Stargate Michigan 'The Barn'Related Digital (OpenAI / Oracle)	Grid	Saline Township, MI	Under construction	1,400	672	Grid	52.5	MISO	C
Google Project ZodiacGoogle	Grid	Fort Wayne, IN	Operating, expanding	1,200	648	Grid	50.7	PJM	B
Stargate AbileneCrusoe / Oracle / OpenAI	Grid	Abilene, TX	Operating, expanding	1,200	648	Grid + on-site gas	61.0	ERCOT	B
Stargate Milam County (Project Freebird)SB Energy	Grid	Burlington (Milam County), TX	Under construction	1,200	576	Not disclosed	41.3	ERCOT	C
Microsoft Fairwater AtlantaMicrosoft	Grid	Fayetteville, GA	Operating, expanding	636	572	Grid	55.9	Southeast utilities	C
Bitdeer TexasBitdeer	Grid	Rockdale, TX	Operating	563	563	Grid	40.4	ERCOT	C
STACK NVA02STACK Infrastructure	Grid	Bristow, VA	Operating	420	504	Grid	39.4	PJM	C
Tract Hanover Technology ParkTract	Grid	Ashland, VA	Announced	2,400	504	Not disclosed	39.4	PJM	C
Tesla Cortex 2 (Giga Texas)Tesla	Grid	Austin, TX	Operating, expanding	500	450	Grid	32.3	ERCOT	C
TA Realty Leesburg campusTA Realty	Grid	Leesburg, VA	Operating	450	450	Grid	35.2	PJM	C
Core Scientific Muskogee 2Core Scientific	Grid	Muskogee, OK	Operating	440	440	Grid	28.7	SPP	C
Caldwell County campuses (PowerHouse / Tract)PowerHouse; Tract	Grid	Uhland, TX	Announced	4,000	420	Not disclosed	30.1	ERCOT	D
Microsoft Pecos Campus (Project Kilby)Microsoft	Grid	Pecos, TX	Announced	2,000	420	Not disclosed	30.1	ERCOT	C
Digital Realty Astra Enterprise ParkDigital Realty	Grid	De Soto, KS	Announced	2,000	420	Not disclosed	27.4	SPP	C
Tract TRIC Master-Planned ParkTract	Grid	Sparks (Storey County), NV	Announced	2,000	420	Not disclosed	27.4	West: Mountain/Northwest	C
Poolside Project HorizonPoolside AI	Grid	Fort Stockton, TX	Announced	2,000	420	Not disclosed	30.1	ERCOT	D
Stratos AI Data Center CampusO'Leary Digital	Grid	Lucin, UT	Proposed	9,000	405	Not disclosed	26.4	West: Mountain/Northwest	D
Data Journey The BunkerData Journey	Grid	Montgomery, TXHouston gas outlook: Elevated	Operating	400	400	Grid	28.7	ERCOT	D
Wonder ValleyO'Leary Ventures	Gas	Greenview (MD), AB	Proposed	7,500	338	On-site gas	55.7	Alberta (AESO)	C
Core Scientific DentonCore Scientific	Grid	Denton, TX	Operating	394	394	Grid	28.2	ERCOT	C
Project BunkhouseTaurus / Digital Realty	Grid	Stilesboro, GA	Announced	1,830	384	Not disclosed	37.6	Southeast utilities	C
Tract Buckeye Tech CorridorTract	Grid	Buckeye, AZ	Announced	1,800	378	Not disclosed	29.6	West: Desert Southwest	C
Joliet Technology CenterHillwood / PowerHouse	Grid	Joliet, IL	Announced	1,800	378	Not disclosed	29.6	PJM	C
Project CardinalPioneer Development	Grid	Yorkville, IL	Announced	1,800	378	Not disclosed	29.6	PJM	C
Paducah GDP AI CampusBrookfield / NextEra	Grid	Kevil, KY	Announced	1,800	378	Not disclosed	36.9	Southeast utilities	C
Galaxy Project Merlin (Helios II)Galaxy Digital	Grid	McGregor, TX	Announced	3,500	368	Not disclosed	26.3	ERCOT	D
Stark Hallam HyperscaleStark Power	Grid	Hallam, NE	Announced	1,700	357	Not disclosed	23.3	SPP	D
Meta Sturgeon CountyMeta	Grid + gas	Sturgeon County, AB	Announced	1,000	350	Not disclosed	41.0	Alberta (AESO)	C
Hyperscale Data MichiganHyperscale Data, Inc.	Grid	Dowagiac, MI	Operating	340	340	Grid	26.6	PJM	D
OpenAI Project CamelliaOpenAI	Grid	Effingham County, GA	Announced	3,210	337	Not disclosed	32.9	Southeast utilities	C
Tract Silver Springs ParkTract	Grid	Silver Springs, NV	Announced	1,600	336	Not disclosed	21.9	West: Mountain/Northwest	C
IREN SE Oklahoma CampusIREN	Grid	Clayton, OK	Announced	1,600	336	Not disclosed	21.9	SPP	C
IREN Woods County CampusIREN	Grid	Alva, OK	Announced	1,600	336	Not disclosed	21.9	SPP	C
Wildcat Ridge AI CampusCornell Realty Management	Grid	Archbald, PAUGI Gas territory outlook: Elevated	Announced	1,600	336	Not disclosed	26.3	PJM	C
Compass Red Oak DFW IIICompass Datacenters	Grid	Red Oak, TX	Operating, expanding	360	324	Grid	23.2	ERCOT	C
New Era Lea County Data CenterNew Era Energy & Digital	Grid	Lovington, NM	Proposed	7,000	315	Not disclosed	20.5	SPP	D
Cloverleaf Project Open SkyCloverleaf Infrastructure	Grid	Piedmont, OK	Announced	1,500	315	Not disclosed	20.5	SPP	C
Crusoe Victoria AI FactoryCrusoe	Grid	Victoria, TX	Announced	1,500	315	Not disclosed	22.6	ERCOT	C
AWS Wilderness CrossingAmazon	Grid	Montford (Orange County), VA	Announced	1,500	315	Not disclosed	24.6	PJM	C
Stak Energy North SlopeStak Energy	Grid	North Slope, AK	Proposed	3,000	270	Not disclosed	31.7	Alaska	D
Nebius IndependenceNebius	Grid	Independence, MO	Announced	1,200	252	Not disclosed	16.4	SPP	C
CloudBurst San Marcos Data Center ICloudBurst	Grid	San Marcos, TX	Announced	1,200	252	Not disclosed	18.1	ERCOT	C
Data City TexasEnergy Abundance Development Corp.	Grid	Laredo, TX	Proposed	5,000	225	Not disclosed	16.1	ERCOT	D
Sailfish Comanche CircleSailfish Digital Ventures	Grid	Tolar, TX	Proposed	5,000	225	Not disclosed	16.1	ERCOT	D
Roswell Information ParkRoswell Information Park LLC	Grid	Roswell, NM	Proposed	4,960	223	Not disclosed	14.5	SPP	D
Amp Energy East TexasAmp Z	Grid	Lufkin, TX	Proposed	2,100	189	Not disclosed	13.5	ERCOT	D
Eneus Energy HarlingenEneus Energy	Grid	Harlingen, TX	Proposed	2,000	180	Not disclosed	12.9	ERCOT	D
Rubix Project AshlandRubix Data Centers	Grid	Russell, KY	Proposed	2,000	180	Not disclosed	14.1	PJM	D
Fundamental Data RidgelineFundamental Data	Grid	Hambleton, WV	Proposed	2,000	180	Not disclosed	14.1	PJM	D
Adams Fork Data Center Energy CampusTransGas Development Systems	Gas	Wharncliffe, WV	Proposed	2,400	173	On-site gas	28.5	PJM	D
Google / Tenaska SE NebraskaGoogle	Grid	Southeast Nebraska, NE	Proposed	1,000	150	Not disclosed	9.8	SPP	D
TransAlta Keephills data centreTransAlta	Grid	Keephills (Parkland County), AB	Approved	230	150	Grid	17.5	Alberta (AESO)	B
Hassayampa Ranch Data CenterArizona Land Consulting	Grid	Tonopah, AZ	Proposed	1,500	135	Not disclosed	10.6	West: Desert Southwest	D

Download the dataset (CSV) Methodology and sources

Expected MW weights each campus by build stage and how much can be energized by 2030. Gas is the average daily burn at plants serving the campus and on site. Confidence: A verified against a primary source, B several consistent sources, C one secondary source, D conflicting or estimated figures.

Which grids are absorbing it

Bill effects follow the grid region and utility a campus connects to, not the city it sits in. Campuses that build their own gas plants skip the grid and draw on local pipelines instead.

Grid-served load: shows up in electric ratesOn-site power: shows up in local gas demand

Grid regions ranked by data center load expected by 2030
Rank	Region	Top-rated campuses	Expected MW by 2030	Share of system peak	Gas MMcf/d	Data center cost to you	Tariff shield
1	PJM22 campuses · 48.3 GW announced	7 four-bolt 7 three-bolt	16,014 MW	10.0%	1,355	$7.35/MWh$45,078 per MW-yr	Partial
2	ERCOT26 campuses · 51.3 GW announced	4 four-bolt 13 three-bolt	14,186 MW	Later pass	1,193	Calibrating	Under review
3	SPP12 campuses · 34.7 GW announced	1 four-bolt 3 three-bolt	6,484 MW	Later pass	686	Calibrating	Under review
4	West: Mountain/Northwest6 campuses · 29.3 GW announced	3 four-bolt 2 three-bolt	5,625 MW	Later pass	443	Calibrating	Under review
5	MISO5 campuses · 11.3 GW announced	3 four-bolt 2 three-bolt	4,623 MW	Later pass	424	Calibrating	Under review
6	Southeast utilities5 campuses · 8.5 GW announced	1 four-bolt 1 three-bolt	2,572 MW	Later pass	312	Calibrating	Partial
7	West: Desert Southwest4 campuses · 6.8 GW announced	1 four-bolt 1 three-bolt	2,254 MW	Later pass	237	Calibrating	Under review
8	Alberta (AESO)3 campuses · 8.7 GW announced	0 four-bolt 1 three-bolt	837 MW	6.5%	114	Calibrating	Partial
9	Alaska1 campus · 3.0 GW announced	0 four-bolt 0 three-bolt	270 MW	Later pass	32	Calibrating	Under review

Not yet covered: New York (NYISO), New England (ISO-NE), California (CAISO), Ontario (IESO) and Québec. Share of peak and cost figures are added as each region is calibrated. Tariff shield: how far large-load tariff terms keep data center costs off other customers’ bills.

Why PJM leads on cost

Capacity prices are at the cap, and data centers drive 38% of the bill

The 2028/29 capacity auction cleared at $325 per MW-day. PJM’s independent market monitor attributes $6.3 billion, 38% of that auction’s cost, to data center load. For a large user that is about $45,000 per MW of capacity tag each year.

Where gas feels it first

Four tracked campuses sit in metros we rate for gas capacity

Pittsburgh (High), Houston and the UGI Gas territory around Scranton (Elevated), and Milwaukee (Watch). Campuses with their own plants, common in SPP and the Desert Southwest, pull straight from local pipelines.

What the build-out adds to your electric bill

Pick your grid region and enter your load. In PJM we can price the data center share of your capacity cost today; other regions follow as we calibrate them.

Your grid region Your utility bill names your utility; each utility sits in one region. Peak load contribution (MW) In PJM this is your capacity tag (PLC), shown on your bill or supplier invoice. Load factor: 70% How evenly you use power through the year. Most plants run 50% to 80%.

PJM, 2028/29 delivery year

$90,155

a year of your capacity cost is driven by data centers

Data centers: 38%Total capacity cost: $237,250 a year

$7.35per MWh you use, at 70% load factor

$325per MW-day auction price, at the cap

Assumes capacity passes through at the auction price; fixed-price supply contracts may defer it to renewal. Sources: PJM 2028/29 Base Residual Auction; data center share from PJM’s independent market monitor.

PJM capacity price by delivery year ($ per MW-day)

The last three auctions cleared at or near the price cap. Sources: PJM Base Residual Auction results, as reported by the Citizens Utility Board and Calpine; 2025/26 from Voltus. See our PJM capacity briefing.

How we estimate impact

Announced is not built

Each campus is weighted by build stage

A 9 GW proposal is not counted as 9 GW. We weight every campus by how far along it is and how much can be energized by 2030.

Methodology

Bills follow the grid

Costs land on the market a campus connects to

Where large-load tariffs make data centers pay their own way, less of the cost reaches other customers.

Electric bill effects

On-site power moves the load to gas

Own turbines skip the grid, not the pipeline

We convert each campus’s load to daily gas burn and compare it with our metro gas capacity ratings.

Impact rating

Questions about the index

What is the Data Center Tracking Index?

A Discovery Energy dataset of every data center campus of 100 MW or more in the US and Canada that entered service since 2021 or is under construction, approved, announced or proposed. For each campus it estimates electricity and natural gas demand by 2030 and gives a 1 to 4 bolt impact rating. This preview edition covers 84 campuses.

Why is expected load so much lower than announced capacity?

Announced figures often describe a full buildout over many years, and many projects slip or are cancelled. PJM, for example, accepted about 34 GW of the roughly 60 GW of 2030 data center load that utilities submitted for its 2026 forecast. We weight each campus by its build stage and by how much can realistically be energized by 2030, which turns 202 GW announced into about 53 GW expected.

How do data centers raise my electric bill?

In PJM the clearest channel is capacity. The 2028/29 capacity auction cleared at its $325 per MW-day cap, and PJM's independent market monitor attributes 38% of that auction's cost to data center load. That is about $45,000 a year per MW of capacity tag. Elsewhere costs reach bills through utility rate cases, transmission charges and energy prices, softened where large-load tariffs make data centers pay their own way.

How do data centers affect natural gas supply?

Much of the new power for data centers comes from gas-fired plants, and some campuses build their own turbines or fuel cells on site. A 1 GW campus running on gas burns roughly 140 million cubic feet a day. When that draw lands on pipelines that already run close to their limit on the coldest day, large gas users can see tighter capacity and higher transport costs. Our metro gas capacity ratings show where that margin is thin.

What does the bolt rating mean?

One bolt is a local effect and four bolts reshapes a region. Each campus gets a grid score from the load it will draw from the grid by 2030 and a gas score from the gas it will draw on a peak day; the rating is the higher of the two. Solid bolts mean operating or under construction, outlined bolts mean announced or proposed.

How current and verified is the data?

This is a preview compiled in October 2026 from public project trackers and press reports. Every campus carries a confidence grade from A to D. We are checking each one against company releases, utility filings and air permits, and adding campuses between 100 MW and 1 GW region by region, starting with PJM. The index is refreshed monthly.

Can I download the data?

Yes. The full dataset, including sources, confidence grades and every estimate, is available as a CSV file from this page.

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Where data center load is landing

Every campus, rated 1 to 4 bolts

Which grids are absorbing it

What the build-out adds to your electric bill

How we estimate impact

Questions about the index

What is the Data Center Tracking Index?

Why is expected load so much lower than announced capacity?

How do data centers raise my electric bill?

How do data centers affect natural gas supply?

What does the bolt rating mean?

How current and verified is the data?

Can I download the data?

Related reading

Find out what your bills should have cost.